FNAC Test - What It Is, How It Works, and What to Expect

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick, and highly effective diagnostic test that helps identify the cause of lumps or swellings in the body. It plays a crucial role in early diagnosis of infections, inflammations, and tumors, thereby guiding timely treatment. In this blog, we explain everything about the FNAC test – from its meaning and procedure to types, risks, results, and affordable pricing at Ashtvinayak Multispeciality Hospital

What is the FNAC Test? - Meaning, Full Form & Purpose

FNAC (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology)

FNAC Test Means: FNAC is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure used to extract cellular material using a thin, hollow needle. It is commonly performed on palpable lumps such as in the neck, breast, thyroid, or lymph nodes.

Purpose of FNAC:

To diagnose infections, inflammations, or tumors.
To distinguish between benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) tumors.
Frequently used in areas such as:
- Lymph nodes
- Thyroid gland
- Breast tissue
- Salivary glands

When is an FNAC Test Recommended? – Use Cases & Indications

Common Conditions Where FNAC is Used:

Swollen lymph nodes
Thyroid nodules
Breast lumps
Suspicious or cancerous growths in the body

Diagnostic vs Therapeutic FNAC:

Diagnostic FNAC: Conducted to determine the nature of a lump (whether it’s malignant, benign, or inflammatory).
Therapeutic FNAC: Sometimes used to aspirate or drain fluid from cysts or abscesses to relieve symptoms.

FNAC Procedure Explained – What Happens During the Test?

How to Prepare for an FNAC Test?

Typically, no fasting or other preparations are required.
Inform your doctor if you are taking blood thinners or any other regular medication.

What to Expect During the Procedure

A fine needle is placed into the bulge.
In some cases, USG-guided FNAC is used for more accuracy (especially for non-palpable or deep lesions).
To alleviate any discomfort, local anesthetic may be provided.
The complete treatment usually takes 15 to 30 minutes.

What Happens After the FNAC Test?

Mild discomfort, pain, or slight bruising at the needle insertion site may occur.
Normal activities can be resumed immediately unless otherwise advised by your physician.

FNAC Test Types – Variations Based on Need

1. Palpation-Guided FNAC

Done using hand palpation for easily felt lumps (like in the neck or breast).

2. Ultrasound-Guided FNAC (USG-guided)

Useful when the lump is small, deep, or hard to palpate.
Real-time ultrasound helps guide the needle accurately.

3. CT-Guided FNAC

Ideal for complex or deeply located swellings, especially in the abdomen or chest.
Uses CT imaging to guide needle placement with precision.

FNAC Procedure Explained – What Happens During the Test?

Once your FNAC sample has been collected, it is taken to a laboratory where cytopathologists study the cells under a microscope.

FNAC Test Normal Report

Cells appear normal with no signs of infection or malignancy.

FNAC Test Positive

indicate the presence of aberrant, diseased, or malignant cells.
It may be essential to conduct more testing or a biopsy.

FNAC Test Negative

Indicates a benign (non-cancerous) condition or absence of any abnormality.

What are the potential risks and side effects of FNAC?

FNAC is a relatively safe procedure that has few side effects.

Mild pain or bruising at the site
Slight bleeding in rare cases
Extremely rare complications if done in deep or vascular regions
Importantly, FNAC does not cause the spread of cancer

FNAC Test Price in India - Cost Breakdown

Average FNAC Test Price in India

Cost ranges from ₹500 to ₹2500 based on:
- The city or region
- The hospital or diagnostic facility
- Whether the test is guided (USG/CT) or unguided.

Affordable FNAC Test at Ashtvinayak Multispeciality Hospital

We provide USG-guided FNAC using advanced imaging technology
Transparent billing with reasonable pricing
Skilled pathologists ensure accurate and reliable results

Comparison - FNAC vs Core Needle Biopsy

Feature	FNAC	Core Needle Biopsy
Invasiveness	Minimally invasive	Slightly more invasive
Sample	Cells only	Tissue sample
Recovery	Quick	Slightly longer
Accuracy	High for many cases	Higher when architectural detail is needed

FNAC is preferred for initial evaluation
Core biopsy may follow if detailed tissue structure is needed

When Should You Call Your Doctor After an FNAC Test?

While problems are uncommon, contact your doctor if you have:

Chronic discomfort or edema at the puncture location
Bleeding or discharge
Fever or chills
Any unusual symptoms not discussed before the procedure

Benefits of FNAC Test - Why It’s Widely Used

Painless and minimally invasive
Provides quick and accurate diagnosis
No need for hospital admission
Can be repeated if needed
Suitable for patients of all ages, including the elderly.

A Note from Ashtvinayak Multispeciality Hospital

At Ashtvinayak Multispeciality Hospital, we believe in delivering precise and early diagnosis through advanced diagnostic procedures like FNAC.

Our specialists in radiology and pathology perform FNAC with utmost accuracy.
We use modern ultrasound and CT-guided techniques for safe, pain-free sampling.
We ensure patient comfort, transparent costs, and detailed reports reviewed by experienced cytologists.

Need to investigate a lump or swelling? Book your FNAC test with us today.

FAQs About FNAC Test

What is the full form of FNAC?

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology

Is FNAC test painful?

It causes minimal pain, similar to a blood test or vaccination.

How long does it take to receive FNAC test results?

Typically, 1–3 working days depending on lab availability.

Can FNAC detect cancer?

Yes, it can detect cancerous cells and help guide next steps in treatment

Is fasting required before an FNAC test?

Not usually.Your doctor will let you know if any special preparation is required

Conclusion - Early Diagnosis, Better Outcomes

FNAC is a powerful, low-cost diagnostic tool that offers quick answers to unexplained swellings or nodules. It’s simple, safe, and effective – making it an ideal first-line test for evaluating lumps.

Don’t wait and worry. Book your FNAC test today at Ashtvinayak Multispeciality Hospital and get trusted, expert care every step of the way.

"Healthcare with Humane touch"

Ashtvinayak Helpline

FNAC Test - What It Is, How It Works, and What to Expect

Purpose of FNAC:

When is an FNAC Test Recommended? – Use Cases & Indications

Common Conditions Where FNAC is Used:

Diagnostic vs Therapeutic FNAC:

FNAC Procedure Explained – What Happens During the Test?

How to Prepare for an FNAC Test?

What to Expect During the Procedure

What Happens After the FNAC Test?

FNAC Test Types – Variations Based on Need

1. Palpation-Guided FNAC

2. Ultrasound-Guided FNAC (USG-guided)

3. CT-Guided FNAC

FNAC Procedure Explained – What Happens During the Test?

FNAC Test Normal Report

FNAC Test Positive

FNAC Test Negative

What are the potential risks and side effects of FNAC?

FNAC Test Price in India - Cost Breakdown

Average FNAC Test Price in India

Comparison - FNAC vs Core Needle Biopsy

When Should You Call Your Doctor After an FNAC Test?

FAQs About FNAC Test

Conclusion - Early Diagnosis, Better Outcomes

Ashtvinayak Hospital is the best superspeciality hospital in Panvel Navi Mumbai, offering expert care in cardiology, orthopedics, urology, and more. Your health is our priority!

Quick Links

Quick Links

Facilities

Work Hours